India is the fastest-growing and one of the world’s largest auto marketplaces and has a big population with millions of electric vehicle owners. There is a significant impact of environmental consciousness for the transition from gasoline-powered vehicles to electric vehicles throughout the globe and India is leading in the adoption of green fuel energy sources and electrical vehicles.
As per the IEA report, more than 90% of India’s 2.3 million electric vehicles are cheaper and are two & three-wheelers, motorbikes, and E-Rickshaws.
Analysts say that because of last decay’s enormous rise in fuel and consumers’ awareness of cost benefits, the government has announced a $1.3 billion federal plan to encourage electric vehicle manufacturing and to provide rebates for customers.
Have a look at how the government incentives and cost-conscious customers have given a boost to an electric vehicle boom in India:
1. Government Incentives for Electric Vehicles:
Policy Framework:
In the year 2015, the government of India has launched FAME (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric (& Hybrid) Vehicles scheme. This scheme is to provide incentives for the purchase and usage of electric and hybrid vehicles.
Tax Incentives:
The Indian government has reduced the GST (Goods & services Tax) on electric vehicles as lowered as 5% only whereas the same on gasoline-powered vehicle is 28%.
Charging Infrastructure:
The Indian government is very much focused on creating a robust infrastructure of Electric Vehicles charging systems. The plan is to set up electric vehicles charging stations on highways and within the cities at a regular interval.
State Incentives:
All the states of India have their own policies of electric vehicle and they are offering some additional incentives, subsidies, and extra waivers to both the manufacturers and the consumers. For manufacturers, the state government provides land and electricity at subsidized rates, and for consumers, they may provide rebates in road taxes and rebates in the registration fee of the electric vehicles.
Promotion of Local Manufacturing:
The government has introduced the ‘Make in India’ initiative to support and boost local manufacturing. The goal is to make India a global hub for electric vehicle manufacturing in view of creating jobs for local people and also to reduce production costs.
2. Cost- Conscious Customers:
Lower Total Cost of Ownership:
However, the initial cost of purchasing the electric vehicles are comparatively high, but the total cost of ownership i.e. the cost of fuel, maintenance and other costing for the lifetime of the vehicles are comparatively lower in electric vehicles.
Economies of Scale:
The demand of electric vehicles are increasing day by day and subsequently it results the more production of the electric vehicles. This brings down the low cost of the manufacturing and resulting the lower market price of the electric vehicles.
Increase in More affordable Models:
During the initial stages of manufacturing the electric vehicles, the most available models were only in the premium segments. However, with the increase in demand of the electric vehicles and because of local manufacturing, more affordable models are coming in the market and it is more convenient to select and opt for the customers.
Environmental Awareness:
Swatch Bharat and Clean & Green Movement for pollution-free atmosphere is the major concern of everywhere. The increase in awareness among the consumers about the environment leads to electric vehicles.
Enormous Rise in fuel cost:
The consistent rise in fuel cost i.e. increasing cost of petrol and diesel in the major reason to shift towards alternative fuel and the electric vehicles.
Conclusion:
The collaboration of government policies along with the essential financial and environmental benefits of electric vehicles has created a rapid adoption of electric vehicles in India and even throughout the globe.
If the present trends continues and innovations & the technologies advances then India will definitely see a major transformation in the transportation sector and the automobile market.
Electric Vehicles are the future. As the worldwide community is becoming very aware of the environmental challenges and the sustainable futures. An effort to transition from fossil fuels to sustainable energy sources is rising. The major concern towards a sustainable future is the conveyance systems running on fossil fuels. Electric vehicles (EVs), when seen as innovative ideas, are presently at the very front of this change, ready to reclassify portability for a practical world.
Historical Overview of the Electric Vehicles:
The Origin (1820s-1920s): The concept of electric mobility was initially started during the early 19th century, i.e. by the end of the 1800s, in the country like Europe and the U.S., electric carriages and trolleys were relatively very common, and popular for the mobility.
Decline and Rebirth (1930s-1990s): As the internal combustion engines became governing and dominating the vehicle market, Electric Vehicles faded into anonymity. Yet, the oil crises during the 1970s brought transformed interest in substitutes.
21st Century Revival: With innovative technological advances in batteries and a greater focus on environmental issues, automotive manufacturers like Tesla brought Electric Vehicles back into mainstream discussions.
Technological Advancements for Electric Vehicles:
Battery Technology:The high energy density, long lifespan, and decreasing cost of lithium-ion batteries enable EV manufacturers to rework and do more research for the growth of the electric vehicle market. Even the research for solid-state batteries is in a very advanced stage and this promises even greater efficiency.
Charging Infrastructure: The technological advancement and developments, the establishment of fast charging networks like Tesla’s Supercharger, and many public charging stations have relieved “range anxiety.”
Electric vehicles Charging Points.
Integration with Renewable Energy: The electric vehicles can be linked with renewable energy sources like solar or wind power, which strengthens the sustainability impact.
Environmental Impact:
Reduced Emissions: There is no tailpipe in electrical vehicles as there is no combustion of fuel in the system. Hence, the EVs emit zero tailpipe pollutants, and no air pollution and CO2 emission.
Recycling and Waste: With the increase in the adoption and use of electric vehicles, the recycling and the waste management of batteries are becoming critical.
Current Challenges:
Initial Cost: Despite various tax rebates and price cuts, electrical vehicles are still a costlier affair as compared to traditional gasoline vehicles. However, this is often counterbalanced by lower operating costs.
Energy Sources: The energy sources to charge the batteries of electrical vehicles are either from the coal-burned power plant or from other non-renewable sources. Here the environmental benefits decrease, as these sources create pollutants.
Range Anxiety: This is the major concern of the range; an electrical vehicle goes on a single charge. Many consumers are definitely thinking before going for an electrical vehicle, about how far it will go in a single charge of the battery.
Production Footprint: The manufacturing of batteries for electrical vehicles left a remarkable footprint on the environment.
Future Potential:
Autonomous Driving: There is a belief that the electrical vehicle is tangled with self-driving technology.
Integration with Smart Grids: The electric Grids are becoming smarter and more connected, the electrical vehicles can be used to store or even feedback energy during peak times.
New Markets: With the improved technologies and the better infrastructure, Electric Vehicles have more potential to penetrate the automobile market.
Policy and incentives: In the US, Europe, India, and almost everywhere the governments are giving Tax rebates and other discounts to promote the adoption of electrical vehicles and targeting to phase out internal combustion engine-operated vehicles.
Conclusions:
Electric vehicles can provide a very promising and reliable path to a sustainable future. With the technological growth and drop in purchase prices with the help of government rebates, the common consumers of the sensible society are attracted to EVs. In the global effort towards a sustainable future and pollution-free environment, electrical vehicles will be the major player in the worldwide effort. Whereas Challenges continue, the collective push from industry, policymakers, and consumers suggests a right and electrified road ahead.
Below is the list for all the Top automaker’s first electric vehicles :
Cadillac Lyriq Electric Vehicles:
Even though Cadillac does not now have any Electric Vehicles in production, in five years they will probably make up half of the lineup for the GM luxury brand.
The Lyriq, which was scheduled to go on sale in 2022. GM will use the BEV3 platform, which will also be used for upcoming Cadillacs, Buicks, and Chevrolets, for the first time in this car.
Chevrolet S-10 Electric Vehicles:
The S-10 EV was derived from the second-generation Chevrolet S-10 pickup truck.
To some extent predating a similar variety of the Ford Ranger, the S-10 EV had front wheels driving electric motors. It was introduced for the EV models of 1997, again little updated for 1998, and then obsolete after very few models had been sold.
Citroen AX Electrique, Electric Vehicles:
In December 1993, Citroen AX Electrique come into production, after experimenting with electric vehicle versions of the Visa-based C15 and larger C25 panel vans.
Moreover, just after producing only 374 vehicles, production ended in 1996. The next model Saxo replaced the car from the market. Citroen also introduced the Berlingo Electrique van in 1997.
Dacia Spring Electric Vehicles:
Renault subsidiary Dacia’s first Electric Vehicle was the spring, introduced in 2021. It is a small hatchback car like the Renault KWID budget car and the electric Renault City K-ZE.
While most Dacia’s are mass-produced in Romania, the Spring is built in China, like the City K-ZE. Currently, it is not on sale in the UK.
Fiat Panda Elettra:
To produce an electric version of the first-generation panda, Fiat collaborated with the Austrian company Steyr-Puch. As this was designed mainly for urban use, its top speed was only 43mph.
The Panda Elettra was manufactured from 1990 to 1998. From 1992 to 1996, Fiat sold Cinquecento Elettra in commitment to electric vehicle display.
Ford Ranger EV:
Similar to the Chevrolet S-10, the Ford Ranger electric vehicle was a pickup truck. And the basic difference between the two was that Ford’s electric motor and driven wheels were at the rear rather than the front.
In the year 1998, Ford started the production of the Ranger EV and produces around 1500 electric vehicles until 2001.
General Motors EV1:
The first electric vehicle designed and manufactured by General Motors was EV1. This electric vehicle was produced from 1996 to 1999 and was offered to customers on a lease basis only.
Latter all the vehicles were recalled and scrapped.
Honda EV Plus:
In 1998, Honda started very serious research to produce its electric vehicles, and after research for nine years, the EV Plus was launched. The EV Plus was a small hatchback car with a top speed of around 80mph.
Honda stopped its production in 1999, after producing around 300 vehicles, and introduced its first generation petrol-electric hybrid insight.
Hummer EV Pickup:
The first electric vehicle by Hummer will be the Hummer EV Pickup with a maximum power output of 1000bhp. Hummer has re-established as a sub-brand within GMC, and there is no plan ever again to build anything with internal combustion engines.
Hyundai BlueOn:
In the year 2009, at the Frankfurt show, the electrified version of the Hyundai i10 city car, BlueOn was revealed.
Hyundai’s first electric model was never sold to the public and was only supplied to several South Korean government agencies.
Jaguar I-Pace:
Jaguar’s first, and so far only, electric vehicle, is I-PACE. However, in 2021, Jaguar assured and gave a commitment in public to making nothing but Electric Vehicles from 2025. The I-PACE is a high-performance electric crossover and won the two most prestigious awards, the 2019 World and European Car of the Year awards.
Kia Soul EV:
In the year 2014, Kia produced a compact crossover with the name Kia Soul EV. Moreover, the second-generation version came to public in the year 2018, in the Los Angeles Show.
This Korean company has also transformed the larger Niro into an electric vehicle. In the year 2021, its first model EV6 was designed to be the purely electric version.
Mercedes Electrique:
In the year 1906, Mercedes introduced its first battery-powered electric vehicle Mercedes Electrique and the hybrid Mixte. There were several forms of Electrique including a passenger car for Emperor Franz Josef I of Austria and a truck for the Berlin fire brigade.
MINI E:
In the year 2009, the MINI E was developed and produced as the MINI hatchback. A very extensive field-testing campaign was conducted in US, UK and Germany in the first phase and later in the next phase, the testing was conducted in France, Japan, and China.
However, the first MINI Electric available for the public was MINI Electric and MINI Cooper SE.
Nissan Tama:
Nissan Tama was the first electric vehicle launched in 1947 by the Tokyo Electro Automobile Company. This vehicle was considerably smaller than today’s Nissan Micra, and the top speed of Tama was 22mph with a range of 40 miles.
Later on, Tokyo Electro Automobile company became Prince and was then merged with Nissan in 1966.
Opel Elektro GT:
The Opel Elektro GT sports car was the first off-version electric car from Opel. This EV was giving an output power of 160bhp developed by two electric motors. This was a modified version with aerodynamic improvements, low-resistance tyres and stronger suspension springs. As due to onboard batteries, the car becomes 1700 kg in weight, which was approximately two standard GTs, so a heavy and stronger suspension spring system was very necessary.
In May 1971, the Elektro GT set a total number of six world records for the speed of electric cars over two days at Hockenheim.
Peugeot VLV:
The Peugeot VLV was a light-town electric vehicle. It was a two-seater car and was introduced during the Second World War. The production of Peugeot VLV was started in June 141 at Paris and ended in February 1943 just after producing 373 units only.
Polestar 2:
Polestar was a racing car under the racing team Cyan Racing and was developed under Volvo production cars.The first Volvo electric car was a petrol electric hybrid car and was launched in the year 2017.
Its second version all electric vehicle polestar 2 was launched in 2020 and was build in China.
The coming version Polestar 3 electric SUV will be manufactured in south Carolina, USA.
Porsche P1:
Porche’s first electric vehicle was launched in 1898 with the name Egger-Lohner electric vehicle, C.2 Phantom model. After many decades, in 2014, it was again recovered and placed in Porsche Museum.
Renault Celtaquatre:
Until the year 2011, Renault never manufactured electric vehicles for public, but from 1937, there is a history for Renault as an Electric vehicle manufacturer.
During an event of world fair Renault built 35 taxis on the chassis of its 1.4 litre petrol engine Celtaquatre family car by replacing the petrol engine through electric motors.
Skoda EV truck:
In the year 1930, Skoda manufactured its first electric vehicle an electric truck. The truck had a cargo load of up to 03(Three) tonnes and an aerodynamic front.
In 1990s, skoda manufactured its first battery powered passenger electric car named Eletra151.
Smart fortwo ed:
In the year 2007, the subsidiary of Daimler created its first EV. A total number of 100 vehicles were made available for field testing in London and were used by the Metropolitan Police.
Tesla Roadster:
Tesla is the manufacturer sole electric cars, they never built any other cars. Roadster was the Tesla’s debut model manufactured from 2008 to 2012 and this was based on the series 2Lotus Elise.
Toyota RAV4 EV:
Toyota is more concentrated on hybrids and hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles rather than battery electric cars. However, Toyota produces electrified versions of its first and second-generation RAV4 SUV. From 1997 to 2002, a total number of 1484 units were sold or leased in the US.
Vauxhall Ampera:
The Ampera was rebadged of the first generation Chevrolet Volt. This version was also sold in continental Europe with the name Opel Ampera.
Volkswagen Elektro-Transporter:
In the year 1972, Volkswagen manufactured and launched its second-generation Transporter with the name Electro Bus or Elektro-Transporter.
The top speed of this vehicle was 43 mph and was able to achieve this in 30 seconds.
The range of this vehicle was only 25 miles, and over a period of years it manufactured 120 units.
Volvo C30 Electric:
In a press release of 2020, Volvo described its first electric vehicle namely XC40Recharge Pure Electric. This variant was the improved version of the C30 hatchback Electric.
The C30 electric was in the market from 2011 to 2013.
Conclusion:
The fossil fuel is depleting gradually and also the use of these fuel in a huge amount is a threat for the environment. The increasing number of vehicles globally is releasing large amount of toxic gasses in the environment and this is one of the major cause of global warming.
In this view every automakers are working to develop an alternative fuel vehicles. In this regard the major automakers had already done many researches and even produced many good results. Almost every major vehicle manufacturers have produced their electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles. some has given a very good result and their vehicles are already running on the road.
If price was the only thing stopping you from buying an electric vehicles this summer, it is time to look again. With smart planning, you can even get the government to pay for part of it with EV tax credits.
Federal EV tax credits are just one factor driving a buying boom this summer. Some cars and trucks also qualify for a state rebate or tax credit. Together, those incentives could cut as much as $15,000 off the price of a new EV. And falling prices and a surge in new models of electric vehicles combine to make this big-ticket purchase less of a splurge.
Adding to the good news, General Motors (GM) just announced in its second-quarter earnings report that it has decided to reverse an earlier decision to end production of the very popular Bolt EV and EUV. GM CEO Mary Barra said GM would reintroduce a new Bolt EV soon, powered by Ultium battery technology. The Bolt has always been one of the most affordable EVs. The Bolt’s MSRP was cut this year to as low as $27,495.
This confluence of financial carrots is why analysts expect record demand for EVs this summer. That will help EVs crack the key level of 10% of all new auto and truck sales in the U.S. later this year.
But do you know how to maximize your electric cars or Electric Vehicles tax credits?
Summer Boom in Electric cars Sales
Electric car sales in the U.S. are already strong. The U.S. ranks third globally in EV sales, after the China EV market and Europe. The U.S. market climbed 55% in 2022, reaching a sales share of 8%, according to the latest Global EV Outlook from the International Energy Agency.
This summer’s popularity of EVs is forceful enough to shift the entire economy. Changes ahead for the global auto industry have major implications for the energy sector, the IEA says. And the electrification trend could reduce the need for 5 million barrels of oil a day by 2030.
IEA Executive Director Fatih Birol said, “Electric vehicles are one of the driving forces in the new global energy economy that is rapidly emerging, and they are bringing about a historic transformation of the car manufacturing industry worldwide.”
EV prices are falling so fast, they’re no longer just a luxury. Kelley Blue Book said last month that the average U.S. price of an electric vehicle in May was $55,488, down from almost $65,000 a year ago. Sales are increasing as prices decline, with May up 4% over April. “April’s downward movement of EV average transaction prices reflects EV automakers, particularly Ford (F) and Tesla (TSLA), seeking a balance between pricing and profitability,” said Michelle Krebs, executive analyst at Cox Automotive.
Electric Vehicles Prices, Tax Credits Power the Switch:
However, lower sticker prices only tell part of the story. U.S. car buyers enjoy other solid incentives to switch to an electric vehicle. They include a federal income tax credit of up to $7,500 for some new EVs. In addition, do not forget added rebates and other benefits from state and local utilities.
While this nest of incentives sounds complicated — and it is — it is also worth thousands of dollars in savings. It is worthwhile to check out eligibility and available perks when shopping for an EV.
Promoting clean energy use was just one facet of 2022’s Inflation Reduction Act. The IRA extended federal EV tax credits for another decade and included eligibility for used EVs. However, it also added complex restrictions such as a price cap, income limitations and final assembly rules.
If you took delivery of a new clean vehicle on or after April 18, 2023, it must meet critical mineral and battery component requirements to qualify for the credit.
If drivers have been reluctant to buy an EV because of high prices, another break is coming. Starting in 2024, taxpayers can transfer the EV tax credit to the dealer at the time of purchase. That will lower the price of the vehicle by the qualifying credit amount.
Who Qualifies For the EV Tax Credit:
You may qualify for an EV tax credit of up to $7,500, according to the IRS, if you buy a new, qualified plug-in EV or fuel cell electric vehicle. The credit is available to individuals and their businesses. To qualify, you must buy it for your own use, not for resale, and use it primarily in the U.S. In addition, your modified adjusted gross income (AGI) may not exceed $300,000 for married couples filing jointly or $225,000 for heads of households. The AGI limit is $150,000 for all other filers.
You can use your modified AGI from the year you take delivery of the vehicle or the year before, whichever is less. As long as your modified AGI is below the threshold in one of the two years, you can claim the credit. The credit is nonrefundable, so you cannot get back more on the credit than you owe in taxes. Moreover, you cannot apply any excess credit to future tax years.
Vehicles placed in service April 18, 2023, and after must meet all of the criteria listed above. And they must meet new requirements for critical mineral and battery components for the buyer to get an EV tax credit of up to:
$3,750 if the vehicle meets the critical minerals requirement only.
$3,750 if the vehicle meets the battery components requirement only.
$7,500 if the vehicle meets both.
Which New Electric Vehicles Qualify For EV Tax Credits:
#However, that is not all. To qualify, a new vehicle must:
Have a battery capacity of at least 7 kilowatt-hours.
Have a gross vehicle weight rating of less than 14,000 pounds.
Be made by a qualified manufacturer.
Undergo final assembly in North America.
Meet critical mineral and battery component requirements (as of April 18, 2023).
#The sale qualifies for the tax credit only if:
The seller reports required information to you at the time of sale.
The seller reports your name and taxpayer identification number to the IRS.
In addition, the vehicle’s manufacturer suggested retail price (MSRP) cannot exceed:
$80,000 for vans, sport utility vehicles and pickup trucks.
$55,000 for other vehicles.
MSRP is the retail price of the automobile suggested by the manufacturer, including manufacturer-installed options, accessories and trim but excluding destination fees. It is not necessarily the price you pay.
You can find your vehicle’s weight, battery capacity, final assembly location (listed as “final assembly point”) and VIN on the vehicle’s window sticker.
#Used EVs Can also Qualify,
While these rules apply to EV credits for new electric vehicles, Congress threw in another carrot. If you buy a qualified used EV or fuel cell vehicle from a licensed dealer for $25,000 or less, you may be eligible for a used EV tax credit. The credit equals 30% of the sale price up to a maximum credit of $4,000. The credit is nonrefundable, so you cannot get back more on the credit than you owe in taxes. You cannot apply any excess credit to future tax years.
The EV Lease Loophole:
Last year’s IRA placed some new and significant limits on which vehicles qualify for the EV tax credits. The EV has to be built in the U.S., Canada, or Mexico; the battery cells must use minerals from a specific list of countries; and the cells and packs have to be made in the U.S. However, buyers can get federal tax credits for models not on the list allowed by the Inflation Reduction Act if they lease them.
In the IRA, Congress exempted commercial vehicles from the restrictions. While “commercial” is a term usually applied to vehicles like heavy-duty trucks, the Treasury Department defines leased EVs as “commercial” vehicles. Any leased vehicle may qualify for the tax credit because the North American battery-content and manufacturing rules do not apply to commercial vehicles.
When a dealer buys a vehicle and then leases it to a driver, the Treasury says that is a commercial transaction because the driver does not take title. This means the dealer or the finance company holding the lease receives the tax credit. Industry representatives and carmakers say the EV tax credit will help lower the price of leases and increase incentive programs. According to Edmunds, leases reached 34% of total EV sales in March, up from just 18% in March 2022.
“A number of lenders … have offered lease incentive programs. Everyone I have seen has offered it at the full amount,” Andy Koblenz, executive vice president for legal and regulatory affairs at the National Automobile Dealers Association, said at a Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago webinar on EV tax credits. “We’re starting to see it in the marketplace already.” Incentive programs may increase as leasing “will be an attractive way to help get the EVs into the market.”
State EV Tax Credits and Electric Vehicle Rebates:
Some states offer credits or rebates on EV purchases or leases, while utility companies may offer breaks on home charger installations.
Colorado, for example, offers EV tax credits ranging from $2,000 to $8,000 on EV purchases. California’s Clean Vehicle Rebate Project provides rebates from $1,000 to $7,500 for the purchase or lease of new, eligible zero-emission vehicles.
Oregon’s Clean Vehicle Rebate Program is not a tax credit but rather a cash rebate of up to $7,500 on any qualifying purchase or lease. Oregon’s generous rebate program is so popular — it’s handed out $70 million in the past five years — that it is almost out of money and was paused this year. Lawmakers and nonprofits in the state are working to replenish the program’s funding. The Department of Energy’s Alternative Fuels Data Center provides updated state-by-state information on rebates and incentives.
Get Your Federal EV Tax Credit:
If your head is spinning from all the rules but you want to maximize your EV tax credit, Investor’s Business Daily did the work for you. The table below includes all 24 vehicles that qualify for the full $7,500 credit when placed into service on or after April 18, 2023.
It also shows an additional 10 vehicles that qualify for a credit of $3,750. See all the details for various levels of EV tax credits at fueleconomy.gov.
Cars and Trucks That Qualify For The EV Tax Credit:
Kentucky in the U.S., where the automotive industry carries on to lead the way, from producing the Ford Super Duty vehicles to leading the nation in EVs(electric vehicles) related projects.
In a news release, Gov. Andy Beshear said; “This is an unbelievable update that now Kentucky will be the center of the battery electric vehicle division,”.
New Lexus ES 300 Hybrid & RAV4 Hybrid at Georgetown Kentucky plant
Kentucky in the U.S., where the automotive industry carries on to lead the way, from producing the Ford Super Duty vehicles to leading the nation in EVs(electric vehicles) related projects.
In a news release, Gov. Andy Beshear said; “This is an unbelievable update that now Kentucky will be the center of the battery electric vehicle division,”.
Why is the new Electric Vehicles car Toyota making in Kentucky?
Toyota selected Kentucky because it was the first stand-alone plant of Toyota Motor in America. So, Kentucky is the home place for Toyota in manufacturing.
Already, Toyota has a plant in the U.S. with a capacity to produce nearly 250,000 small cars a year, through NUMMI (New United Motor Manufacturing Corp.), a joint-venture company with General Motors Corp., where subcompact Nova passenger cars are being produced.
Now, the independently owned Toyota site will be in Kentucky, Georgetown. Here in this new plant, Toyota is expecting to produce 200,000 cars a year.
This is not a surprise that, Toyota announced to start building cars on its own in the United States.
Since 1st April 1981, Japanese automakers are laboring under “voluntary” import quotas. This Voluntary import quota system restricts to held their shipments to the American market down to a sanctioned limit of 1.68 million cars a year. Eventually, that upper limit was lifted to 1.85 million units, and last year it was retained at almost 2.4 million cars a year.
In the United States, many other automakers from Japan had already a foothold in that market and they have already profited significantly as a result of those limitations, they may have charged higher prices as of restricted product availability.
But the Japanese be afraid that they would miss the more important battle for U.S. market share if they could not get around the quota allocations, or if they were forced, because of growing protectionist sentiments in this country, to work under even more severe restrictions.
Another route to a bigger market stake was to manufacture the cars where they are sold.
What new Electric Vehicles or car is Toyota making in Kentucky?
This vehicle is Toyota’s first U.S.-built all-electric SUV. It will be a three-row SUV.
James burley works on the assembly line at the Toyota Motor Manufacturing, Kentucky plant in Georgetown, U.S. Courtesy-ED Reinke, Associated Press.
Susan Elkington, the president of Toyota Kentucky, told; “We have already seen that the three-row SUV market has an expanding market, and the trend is changing towards electrification of the products and people are switching more to electrification.”
In support of SUV production in Kentucky, Toyota has announced to invest $2.1 million for new infrastructure in its North Carolina battery manufacturing plant.
Toyota has already announced in the year 2021, to invest approx. $461 million in Kentucky factory to build bigger and more battery electric vehicles by the year 2025.
Elkington said Toyota was capable to carry on production in the Commonwealth while adapting and updating the capacity over the last few years to get ready for the launch of the all-electric SUV.
Elkington told, “In fact, our journey here in Kentucky has occurred over several years before now”. “We are creating the compulsory modifications and also enduring existing manufacture, which saves the employment of all our associates.”
What is a Battery Electric Vehicle?
A Toyota Car in the drive way at Toyota Motor Manufacturing Kentucky plant at Georgetown.
Ted Ogawa, CEO and the president of Toyota Motor conveyed a message that “We are committed to reducing carbon emission as much as possible and as early as possible”. Switching to battery-electric vehicles is the probable way to achieve this goal of a cleaner and greener planet and the surroundings.
What is Toyota Motor Manufacturing at Kentucky?
Toyota Kentucky President Susan Elkington celebrates with employees after announcing the facility with assemble Toyota first Battery Electric Vehicle in U.S. Toyota Motor.
Toyota explained that the Kentucky plant was opened 37 years back and since then the company has already invested more than $8.5 billion.
Bashear of Toyota Motors said that, In the commonwealth, Toyota was a vital part of the automotive industry and now the company is positioned to help lead us into the further.
As per the press release from the Governor’s office, the Battery Electric Vehicle SUV project is a part of the Toyota commitment for a $591 million future project at the Georgetown site.
For Toyota Motors in Kentucky, the Kentucky Economic Development Finance Authority sanctioned a performance-based incentive. The contract can make open up to $240 million in cumulative tax benefits
based on the company’s total collective investment of nearly $2.8 billion across projects with a yearly job goal requirement of up to 8,950 over the period of the contract. If Toyota meets the requirements, the company will be qualified to keep a portion of the new tax income it creates.
Conclusion:
Toyota Motor Company is ready to start its battery electric vehicle manufacturing at its already built-up and running plant in Kentucky.
It is expected to produce its BEV SUV from the start of the year 2025.
Ted Ogawa, CEO and the president of Toyota Motor conveyed a message that “We are committed to reducing carbon emission as much as possible and as early as possible”.
As per the press release from the Governor’s office, the Battery Electric Vehicle SUV project is a part of the Toyota commitment for a $591 million future project at the Georgetown site.
For Toyota Motors in Kentucky, the Kentucky Economic Development Finance Authority sanctioned a performance-based incentive.
The contract can make offer up to $240 million in cumulative tax incentives based on the company’s total collective investment of nearly $2.8 billion across projects with a yearly job goal requirement of up to 8,950 over the period of the contract. If Toyota meets the requirements, the company will be qualified to keep a portion of the new tax income it creates.
Ford said that the agreement with the Electric Vehicles giant Tesla will increase the number of fast chargers by more than double available to the owners of Ford EVs such as the F-150 Lightning and Mustang Mach-E, Ford said.
BILL PUGLIANO|GETTY IMAGES
To expand the electric vehicle charging infrastructure for U.S Electric Vehicles Customers, the major electric car manufacturer Ford has announced that they are teaming with the Top EV giant Tesla to help in expanding the supercharging fast charging Network.
From the start of the year 2025, Ford will also provide built-in connectors on its electric vehicles and then the owners of Ford EVs will not require to carry a special adapter to use the superchargers.
A TESLA SUPERCHARGER STATION WITH A FORD F-150 LIGHTNING PICKUP.
FORD MOTOR COMPANY
To have the Supercharging continently, Ford said its EVs will be provided with a special adapter to allow them to use the Superchargers. Starting in 2025, a connector developed by Tesla will be built into new Ford EVs, the company said.
NACS (The Tesla North American Charging Standard) connector on Ford EVs fitted with a Combined Charging System (CCS) port will allow the vehicles to be used with Tesla V3 Superchargers.
This will be a very “smaller and lighter” connector to provide “a superior experience for customers.”
Ford Spokesperson told that they have made an agreement, that will give Ford Electric vehicle owners access to the Tesla Supercharger network starting in the spring of the year 2024.
In an announcement, Mr. Jim Farley, the CEO & president of Ford told that this agreement will double the number of fast charging stations in the U.S and Canada for the owners of Ford electric vehicles including the Mustang Mach-E, E-Transit, and F-150 Lightning Pickup.
Currently, near about 10,000 fast –chargers are available through the Ford Blue Oval Charge Network, and more than 12,000 superchargers will be added under the new agreement with the EV giant Tesla.
Conclusion:
The market for electric vehicles is growing and with this battery charging stations and facilities are of prime importance. For the supercharging of EV batteries Tesla has already setup approx. 12000 such stations through out in U.S, and the other EV manufacturers are trying to join hand with tesla to grow the market of electric vehicles throughout the united nation. And in this view Ford has signed an agreement with the EV giant Tesla.
An electric vehicle (EV) is an automobile that makes use of one or more electric-power systems for propulsion. The electric vehicles are powered by the energy stored in a collector system of an extravehicular source. Even they could be powered independently by using a battery (every so often charged with the aid of using solar panels, or with the aid of using changing gasoline to energy the use of gasoline cells or a generator).
Electric vehicles are not limited only to street and rail motors but also include underwater vessels, electric-powered spacecraft, and planes. EVs first got here into life within side the overdue nineteenth century, while energy became a few of the desired strategies for motor automobile propulsion, supplying a stage of consolation and simplicity of operation that couldn’t be finished with the aid of using the fuel motors of the time. Internal combustion engines have been the dominant propulsion technique for motors and vans for approximately a hundred years, however, electric-powered energy remained common in different automobile types, which include trains and smaller motors of all types.
TYPES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES:
A total of Four types of electric or alternative fuel vehicles are available.
The BEVs are fully powered by electricity. And these vehicles are more efficient in comparison of hybrid and plug-in hybrid vehicles.
BEVs are also known as All-Electric Vehicles (AEV). The Electric Vehicles based on BEV technology runs completely on a battery-powered electric drive system. In BEVs, the electric power used to run the vehicle is primarily stored in large batteries and these batteries can be charged by plugging this into the electric power grid. The charged batteries give power to the electric motors, which then give motion to the electric car.
Main Components of BEVs:
The BEVs’ main components are an electric motor, Inverter, Battery, Control Module, and Drive train.
Electric Motor
Power Inverter
Battery Pack
Charging port
Onboard Charger
Power electronic control module
Auxiliary batteries.
Working Principles of BEVs:
The DC battery power is converted to AC power and transferred to the electric motor. And while the accelerator pedal is used to press, the controller unit receives a signal and regulates the speed of the vehicle by making the required changes in the frequency of the AC power coming from to inverter to the motor. And it leads the wheel to turn through a gearwheel. When the vehicle decelerates and the brake is applied the motor acts as an alternator and generates power to charge the battery.
Examples of BEVs:
A few common examples of battery-electric vehicles on road are:
Hybrid electric vehicles are categorized into two types: –
i). Hybrid Electric Vehicle(HEVs)
ii). Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)
i) HEVs:
The Hybrid Electric Vehicle uses both an internal combustion engine (ICE) (a petrol/diesel engine) and a battery pack with electric motors to run.
It is powered by the electric motor which runs through the energy stored in batteries, either by the Internal combustion engine or both.
HEVs are not very efficient in comparison with fully battery electric or plug-in hybrid vehicles.
The powertrains of a hybrid electric vehicle are designed to power the cars in series, parallel, or series-parallel (power split) methods.
#Series HEV:
In a series of hybrid electric vehicles, only the electric motor is used to drive the vehicle whereas the internal combustion engine gives power to the generator which in turn recharges the battery.
#Parallel HEV:
The parallel hybrid electric vehicle is based on driving conditions. And this uses the best available power source to propel the vehicle. For the continuous movement of the vehicles, the driving power is alternated between the battery electric motor and the internal combustion engine.
#Series-Parallel HEV:
The series hybrid electric vehicle is a combination of both the series and the series-parallel and gives split power. In this, the power is routed from the internal combustion engine alone or from the battery electric motor to drive the vehicle.
In a Hybrid electric vehicle, the battery is charged through a regenerative braking system. The regenerative braking system (RBS) gives better braking efficiency in dense traffic while running in the city. This enhances better fuel economy and also reduces carbon emissions. This also minimizes energy wastage and gives energy optimization.
Main Components of HEV:
The main component of HEVs are:
A Conventional Internal Combustion Engine,
Fuel Tank & Fuel Filter,
Transmission & Exhaust System,
A battery pack
An electric generator
AC/DC converter / Inverter
Power electronic control module
Thermal System(For Working Temperature Maintenance)
Working Principles of HEV:
In HEVs, the internal combustion engines get energy from the fuel i.e. either from gasoline(petrol/diesel) or from other types of fuels, and the electric motor runs with the help of a battery. The electric motor and the engine rotate the transmission altogether and move the wheels.
Examples of HEV:
Honda City Hybrid
Toyota Innova Hycross
Ferrari 296 GTB
Toyota Urban Cruiser Hyryder
Volvo XC90
Toyota Vellfire
Toyota Camry
ii). PHEVs:
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
The PHEVs use both the internal combustion engine and battery packs. The batteries are charged from an external plug-in socket. In PHEVs, the battery charging is done with external electric power instead of charging internally with the engine power. In addition, Plug-in Hybrid vehicles are more efficient than simple hybrid vehicles but it is less efficient than Battery electric vehicles.
The PHEVs are a series of hybrid vehicles with both engines and motors. These vehicles can run on conventional fuels like petrol/diesel or alternative fuels like biodiesel. And this can also be charged and powered by a rechargeable battery. The battery can be charged with external electric power points.
The PHEVs can run in 2 modes:
The All-Electric Mode vehicles, in which the motor and battery generate and supply all the power to the vehicles.
The other mode is the Hybrid Mode, where both electricity and gasoline fuel petrol/diesel are used.
The PHEVs start up in an all-electric mode and run using electricity until their battery pack is depleted.
In this type of vehicle, when the battery gets discharged or drains out, the engine comes into action, and the vehicle starts operating as a conventional gasoline engine vehicle i.e. non-plug-in hybrid vehicle. The PHEVs can be charged by plugging into an external electric power source. And also through an engine or regenerative braking system. In a regenerative braking system, when brakes are applied, the electric motor acts as a generator, and the energy generated is used to charge the battery. Also, PHEVs relatively smaller engines can be used as this is supported by the electric motor. This combination increases the car’s fuel efficiency without compromising performance.
Examples of PHEV:
The common PHEVs on road are
Porsche Cayenne S E-Hybrid,
BMW 330e,
Porsche Panamera S E-hybrid,
Chevy Volt,
Chrysler Pacifica,
Ford C-Max Energi,
Mercedes C350e,
Mercedes S550e,
Mercedes GLE550e,
Mini Cooper SE Countryman,
Ford Fusion Energi,
Audi A3 E-Tron,
BMW i8,
BMW X5 xdrive40e,
Fiat 500e,
Hyundai Sonata,
Kia Optima,
Volvo XC90 T8.
3.FCEVs:
The FCEVs stands for fuel cell electric vehicles.
fuel cell electric vehicles
In fuel cell electric vehicles, the electric energy is produced from chemical energy.
For example, hydrogen fuel energy.
The FCEVs are Zero-Emission Vehicles. The FCEVs work on ‘fuel cell technology’ to produce the electricity essential to run the vehicle. In this system, the chemical fuel energy is directly converted into electrical energy.
Main Components of FCEV:
The major components of PCEVs are:
Electric Motor
Fuel Cell Stack
Hydrogen Storage Tank
Battery
DC-DC Converter
Working Principles of FCEV:
In, Fuel–cell electric vehicles the propulsion system is similar to other electric vehicles. The FCEV produces the required electricity to propel the vehicle by itself only. The energy is stored as hydrogen and is converted to electricity by fuel cells. In addition, the FCEV doesn’t produce any harmful tailpipe emissions as there is no combustion of any fuel like the internal combustion engines.
Examples of FCEV:
The major FCEVs are:
Toyota Mirai,
River simple Rasa,
Hyundai Tucson FCEV,
Honda Clarity Fuel Cell,
Hyundai Nexo.
Conclusion:
Electric vehicle is the alternative fuel vehicle. These vehicles are the revolution of the automotive industries. The future of automobile is only based on the upcoming electric and other alternative fuel vehicles.
The governments globally is providing huge rebates and incentives to support the manufacturers and also to attract the customers.
The state governments are also giving extra incentives at their own level to promote the EVs.
Many manufacturers through out the globe are coming ahead to produce and promote their electric, hybrid and other alternative fuel vehicles at a very large scale.
Companies like Tesla, Toyota, Mercedes, Ford, Volvo, Tata, Maruti, Mahindra are already competing themselves to give a better product at a better price to their consumers.
Now is the time to switch for better mobility and move with zero or fewer emission options.
This is a place to share knowledge about automobiles, Alternative fuel Vehicles like electric vehicles, Hybrid vehicles, CNG Vehicles, hydrogen cars, Ethanol cars, and all the new and upcoming energy and environmentally friendly vehicles.
This is Vikas kumar sinha, a mechanical engineer having doctorate in Mechanical Engineering on the topic Waste Water Treatment Technology.
Having work experience of nearly 21 years in the field of Mechanical Industry and Academic institutions.
Here we will discuss and share Knowledge about Technology, career, global news etc.
Here you will find all the new and upcoming alternative fuel vehicles like electric, hybrid fuel cell vehicles, news, and details.
